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Dislocations

Learning objectives The PhD candidate acquires fundamental knowledge on the character of dislocations at the atomic scale in different crystal structures the different types of dislocations the motion of dislocations the interaction of dislocations with microstructural features the role of dislocations in the mechanical behaviour of metals Contents partial dislocations, superdislocations, dislocation loops observation of dislocations interaction between dislocations formation of cell structures motion of dislocations, climb, cross-slip multiplication of dislocations geometrically necessary dislocations recovery interaction between dislocations and microstructural features Required background The PhD candidate should have basic knowledge on the crystallography of metals dislocations mechanical behaviour of metals atomic interaction and defect energies Course material D. Hull and D.J. Bacon, Introduction to dislocations, 4th edition, ed. Butterworth & Heinemann, Oxford (1965, 2001) Introductory chapters 1. Defects in crystals 2. Observation of dislocations 3. Movement of dislocations Chapters on the character of dislocations 4. Elastic properties of dislocations 5. Dislocations in FCC metals 6. Dislocations in other crystal structures 7. Jogs and the intersection of dislocations Chapters on the behaviour of dislocations in relation to deformation 8. Origin and multiplication of dislocations 9. Dislocation arrays and crystal boundaries 10. Strength of crystalline solids The first category of chapters should be more or less trivial to the PhD candidate. The second category is more important, but the focus of the module is on understanding the chapters 8−10. ECTS credits: 1.5(=5GSC) Lecturer(s): Prof.Dr.Ir. Jilt Sietsma Course dates: Five weekly 2-3 hour discussion meetings, for which the PhD candidates prepare by reading chapters of the book. April 2020: Wednesdays 15, 22 and 29 May 2020: Wednesdays 6 and 13 Always at 14.00-17.00 hrs Room: H-3-170 Group sizes: The course will be offered for a minimum of 4 participants and a maximum of 8 participants per session. Access will be on a first come first served basis. Assessment: Take-home assignment to write an essay on a selected topic. Contact: PhD candidates wishing to participate should contact Prof.Dr.Ir. Jilt Sietsma by email ( J.Sietsma@tudelft.nl ) as soon as possible, indicating their primary study, supervisor/promoter and preferred start date.

Saša Kenjereš

Prof.dr. Saša Kenjereš Full Professor +31 (0)15 27 83649 S.Kenjeres@tudelft.nl Building 58, F2.230 Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands Management Assistant Sandra Paffen +31 (0)15 27 83896 S.M.Paffen@tudelft.nl linkedin Research performed in prof.dr. Kenjereš’s Lab covers of a wide range of fundamental and applied phenomena in physics, engineering (chemical, mechanical, biomedical, environmental, energy), medicine, and computer science, which include: (I) multiscale transport phenomena in biomedical applications (numerical methods, computer simulations, and experiments); (II) advanced fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, and turbulence (mathematical modeling, simulations, and experiments); (III) coupling fluid mechanics and electromagnetism (magnetohydrodynamics, MHD); (IV) environmental flows, turbulent dispersion in complex urban areas, atmospheric chemistry and crowd behavior; (V) high-performance supercomputing (HPC). In recent years, a novel research direction was initiated with a focus on the mathematical modelling, advanced computational simulations, and state-of-art experiments based on the combined particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to mimic complex blood and air flows in the patient-specific cardiovascular and respiratory systems. “At present, we are witnessing rapid trends of a close convergence of research topics between the engineering sciences, life sciences, healthcare, and biomedical fields. I strongly believe in the tremendous potential of combining engineering (chemical, biomedical, mechanical), science (applied physics, applied mathematics, computer science, high-performance computing), medicine and biology in solving some of the most challenging research questions dealing with the early identification, diagnostics, and efficient treatment of various diseases in humans. "My personal goal is to see the transfer of knowledge, models, computer codes, and experimental approaches from my engineering Lab to practical clinical applications. This is achieved through a strategical collaboration with University Medical Centers in The Netherlands (EMC Rotterdam, LUMC Leiden, AMC Amsterdam, UMC Maastricht) and universities abroad (ETH Zurich, Ghent University, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Huston Methodist Research Institute and Hospital, Harvard School of Public Health, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China). In parallel to research, I have supervised more than 20 Ph.D. at TUD and abroad (ETH Zurich, University of Ghent), more than 15 Postdocs and Research Associates, as well as more than 200 M.Sc. and B.Sc. students from various programs within TUD, including Applied Physics, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Molecular Science and Technology, and Applied Mathematics.” Research group Academic background Prof.dr. Saša Kenjereš is a Full Professor of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering at the Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands. He received his Ph.D. in Applied Physics in 1999 at the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands. From 2001 to 2005 he was a Research Fellow of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences and Arts (KNAW). From 2005 to 2006 he was a Burgers Visiting Associate Professor at the University of Maryland, College Park, USA, Institute of Physical Science and Technology, Computer and Space Science/Earth Systems Science Interdisciplinary Center. He received ERCOFTAC (European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence, and Combustion) and Leonhard Euler Centre Visitor Fellowships at ETH Zurich, Switzerland (2002, 2003, 2004, 2008, and 2014). He was the Marie-Curie Visiting Professor at the AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland (2007-2013). He is currently (2022-present) also Visiting Professor of the double-degree Energy and Environmental Engineering MSc program between the Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, and the AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland. +31 (0)15 27 83649 S.Kenjeres@tudelft.nl Building 58, F2.230 Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands Management Assistant Sandra Paffen +31 (0)15 27 83896 S.M.Paffen@tudelft.nl linkedin Keywords Advanced Fluid Mechanics/Heat and Mass Transfer/Turbulence Multi-Scale Multi-Physics Transport Phenomena Bio-medical Applications Research Gate Educational Activities Google Scholar Pure Research Current teaching activities Continuum Physics (MSc Applied Physics, 6 ECTS) Advanced Physical Transport Phenomena (MSc Applied Physics & Chemical Engineering, 6 ECTS) Biological Transport Phenomena (MSc Chemical Engineering, 4 ECTS) Past teaching activities Mechanics 1 (BSc in Applied Earth Sciences, 4 ECTS) (responsible instructor, lecturing, tests, exams; students ~100 per year; period: 2008-2015) Understanding Climate in Cities: Modelling and Simulations (BSc Minor/Interfaculty TUD, 4 ECTS) (responsible instructor; 10-20 students per year; period: 2010-2014) Research Practicum in Applied Physics (BSc in Applied Physics, 3 ECTS) (Responsible Instructor and Supervision; 20 students per year; period: 2008-2019) Transport Phenomena in Biological Systems (BSc Minor in Medical Technology, Biomedical Engineering, Medical Delta, EMC Rotterdam and Leiden University, 1 ECTS) (Responsible instructor + Exam, 20 students per year; period: 2009-2011) The final group research project (PEP) (BSc in Applied Physics, 4 ECTS) (Supervision, 10 students per year; period: 2007-2019) Turbulence (Graduate Course), J. M. Burgersecentrum Research School for Fluid Mechanics (one week intensive PhD course) (students 20-30; period: 2008-2009) Special Lectures on Magnetohydrodynamics (MSc and PhD course; AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland; series of 10 lectures; 15 students per year; period: 2007-2008)

Ethics/Philosophy of Technology

Overall mission of the Section The overall mission of the Ethics and Philosophy of Technology Section is to contribute to the professional and academic education of future engineers and to conduct research into philosophical, in particular ethical, problems related to modern technology and its impact on society. Research mission Our research mission is to develop philosophical accounts that provide insights into how to achieve responsible innovation of technology, in order to contribute the quality of human life, to sustainability and to a fair allocation of risks and benefits. We develop philosophical and normative theories and approaches to study modern technology in its social context. We specifically focus on ethical investigations of risk analysis, -management and -communication as well as on the design, development and implementation of technical artefacts, systems and infrastructures. Read more about our research Teaching mission On request of the board of TU Delft, the Ethics and Philosophy of Technology Section provides ethics teaching for all engineering programs at the University of Technology Delft, on all levels of education. The main topics of our courses relate to ethics and engineering, philosophy and methodology of science, technology and design, scientific integrity, argumentation theory and critical thinking. Read more about our teaching activities Service to society and public outreach The members of the Ethics/Philosophy Section are involved as advisors and/or members in several policy committees at national, EU, and UN levels. We are also active in the media, attempting to raise public awareness about the ethical and philosophical implications of technology. Read more about our service to society and public outreach Contact +31152786618 secr-fil-tbm@tudelft.nl Building 31 Jaffalaan 5 2628BX Delft More information Ethics education for engineering students

Automatic Extraction of Ridge Structures from Digital Elevation Models for the modelling software D-HYDRO

Automatic Extraction of Ridge Structures from Digital Elevation Models for the modelling software D-HYDRO By Thirza van Noppen with supervisor: Ruud van der Ent In order to avoid substantial damage as a result of flooding and extreme water discharges, it is of considerable importance to model flood events as it can help in flood risk reduction and mitigation. Numerous hydrodynamic simulation models have been designed for the purpose of modelling the movement of water and are widely used to assess flooding risk. The simplest and most common practice in these models is to use one-dimensional (1D) models that treat flow one-dimensionally along the river channel. Alternatively, two-dimensional (2D) models can provide more detailed results but they remain computationally demanding and data intensive. Recent advances and software developments resulted in novel mechanisms that can reduce computation costs. One of these mechanisms is the incorporation of fixed weirs in a hydrodynamic model. Fixed weirs represent abrupt changes in altitude that have an impact on the local flow during flooding. The fixed weirs can be incorporated into modelling software such as 3Di, HEC-RAS and D-HYDRO Suite. The weir elements are aligned on the 2D-grid network, hence the resolution of the model can be kept large while sudden changes in depth are taken into account. Until now, fixed weirs are still drawn manually or with the aid of existing data of roads or railways, which is a labor-intensive and time consuming process. In addition, the process of manually drawing fixed weirs is a subjective process and is therefore largely dependent on the interpretation of the modeler. The main objective of this study is to develop a tool that can automatically detect ridge structures based on a digital elevation model (DEM). Subsequently, the results of the tool will be evaluated in a D-HYDRO model developed for the river Roer (which is located in the province Limburg in The Netherlands). In order to do so, three approaches will be compared: a model with fixed weirs detected by the tool, a model containing no fixed weirs, and one with manually drawn fixed weirs.

Magnesium-ion batteries

Li-ion chemistry today dominates the rechargeable battery market due to its excellent performance. Nevertheless, cost for large scale introduction of electricity storage systems to cope with the upcoming energy transition, remains an issue. Other chemistries are on the horizon, such as Sodium, Zink, Magnesium, and Calcium, which are much cheaper because of its large natural abundance on earth and the way these materials are recovered. In order to compete with the existing Li-ion batteries, the kinetics of these novel systems need to be unravelled to further improve the performance. The focus here will be on Mg-ion battery materials, which will be studied in either aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes, but also solid electrolytes of ceramic, glassy and/or polymer origin are being developed. Within the Storage of Electrochemical Energy (SEE) group we investigate the fundamental properties of Mg-ion, including their phase transition mechanism and Mg-ion transport properties, both key properties that determine macroscopic battery performance. The techniques used to investigate these properties include operando X-ray and Neutron Diffraction, operando micro-beam diffraction, Solid State NMR, operando Neutron Depth Profiling, Density Functional Theory and Phase Field Modeling, operando Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy coupled to an Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometer, operando Atomic Force Microscopy. Besides, SEE has a strong link with the “DUBBLE’ beam line at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, where operando measurements with our electrochemical equipment is available.

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Students Amos Yusuf, Mick Dam & Bas Brouwer winners of Mekel Prize 2024

Master students Amos Yusuf, from the ME faculty (Mick Dam, from the EEMCS faculty and graduate Bas Brouwer have won the Mekel Prize 2024 for the best extra scientific activity at TU Delft: the development of an initiative that brings master students into the classroom teaching sciences to the younger generations. The prize was ceremonially awarded by prof Tim van den Hagen on 13 November after the Van Hasselt Lecture at the Prinsenhof, Delft. They received a statue of Professor Jan Mekel and 1.500,- to spend on their project. Insights into climate change are being openly doubted. Funding for important educational efforts and research are being withdrawn. Short clips – so called “reels” – on Youtube and TikTok threaten to simplify complex political and social problems. AI fakes befuddle what is true and what is not. The voices of science that contribute to those discussion with modesty, careful argument and scepticism, are drowned in noise. This poses a threat for universities like TU Delft, who strive to increase student numbers, who benefit from diverse student populations and aim to pass on their knowledge and scientific virtues to the next generation. It is, therefore, alarming that student enrolments to Bachelor and Master Programs at TU Delft have declined in the past year. Students in front of the class The project is aimed to make the sciences more appealing to the next generation. They have identified the problem that students tend miss out on the opportunity of entering a higher education trajectory in the Beta sciences – because they have a wrong picture of such education. In their mind, they depict it as boring and dry. In his pilot lecture at the Stanislas VMBO in Delft, Amos Yusuf has successfully challenged this image. He shared his enthusiasm for the field of robotics and presented himself as a positive role model to the pupils. And in return the excitement of the high school students is palpable in the videos and pictures from the day. The spark of science fills their eyes. Bas Brouwer Mick Dam are the founders of NUVO – the platform that facilitates the engagement of Master Students in high school education in Delft Their efforts offer TU Delft Master Students a valuable learning moment: By sharing insights from their fields with pupils at high school in an educational setting, our students can find identify their own misunderstandings of their subject, learn to speak in front of non-scientific audiences and peak into education as a work field they themselves might not have considered. An extraordinary commitment According to the Mekel jury, the project scored well on all the criteria (risk mitigation, inclusiveness, transparency and societal relevance). However, it was the extraordinary commitment of Amos who was fully immersed during his Master Project and the efforts of Brouwer and Dam that brought together teaching and research which is integral to academic culture that made the project stand out. About the Mekel Prize The Mekel Prize will be awarded to the most socially responsible research project or extra-scientific activity (e.g. founding of an NGO or organization, an initiative or realization of an event or other impactful project) by an employee or group of employees of TU Delft – projects that showcase in an outstanding fashion that they have been committed from the beginning to relevant moral and societal values and have been aware of and tried to mitigate as much as possible in innovative ways the risks involved in their research. The award recognizes such efforts and wants to encourage the responsible development of science and technology at TU Delft in the future. For furthermore information About the project: https://www.de-nuvo.nl/video-robotica-pilot/ About the Mekel Prize: https://www.tudelft.nl/en/tpm/our-faculty/departments/values-technology-and-innovation/sections/ethics-philosophy-of-technology/mekel-prize

New catheter technology promises safer and more efficient treatment of blood vessels

Each year, more than 200 million catheters are used worldwide to treat vascular diseases, including heart disease and artery stenosis. When navigating into blood vessels, friction between the catheter and the vessel wall can cause major complications. With a new innovative catheter technology, Mostafa Atalla and colleagues can change the friction from having grip to completely slippery with the flick of a switch. Their design improves the safety and efficiency of endovascular procedures. The findings have been published in IEEE. Catheter with variable friction The prototype of the new catheter features advanced friction control modules to precisely control the friction between the catheter and the vessel wall. The friction is modulated via ultrasonic vibrations, which overpressure the thin fluid layer. This innovative variable friction technology makes it possible to switch between low friction for smooth navigation through the vessel and high friction for optimal stability during the procedure. In a proof-of-concept, Atalla and his team show that the prototype significantly reduces friction, averaging 60% on rigid surfaces and 11% on soft surfaces. Experiments on animal aortic tissue confirm the promising results of this technology and its potential for medical applications. Fully assembled catheters The researchers tested the prototype during friction experiments on different tissue types. They are also investigating how the technology can be applied to other procedures, such as bowel interventions. More information Publicatie DOI : 10.1109/TMRB.2024.3464672 Toward Variable-Friction Catheters Using Ultrasonic Lubrication | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore Mostafa Atalla: m.a.a.atalla@tudelft.nl Aimee Sakes: a.sakes@tudelft.nl Michaël Wiertlewski: m.wiertlewski@tudelft.nl Would you like to know more and/or attend a demonstration of the prototype please contact me: Fien Bosman, press officer Health TU Delft: f.j.bosman@tudelft.nl/ 0624953733

A key solution to grid congestion

On behalf of the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute, researchers Kenneth Brunninx and Simon Tindemans are handing over a Position Paper to the Dutch Parliament on 14 November 2024, with a possible solution to the major grid capacity problems that are increasingly cropping up in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is unlikely to meet the 2030 climate targets, and one of the reasons for this is that large industry cannot switch to electricity fast enough, partly because of increasingly frequent problems around grid capacity and grid congestion. In all likelihood, those problems will actually increase this decade before they can decrease, the researchers argue. The solution offered by the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute researchers is the ‘flexible backstop’. With a flexible backstop, the current capacity of the power grid can be used more efficiently without sacrificing safety or reliability. A flexible backstop is a safety mechanism that automatically and quickly reduces the amount of electricity that an electric unit can draw from the grid (an electric charging station or a heat pump) or deliver (a PV installation). It is a small device connected or built into an electrical unit, such as a charging station or heat pump, that ‘communicates’ with the distribution network operator. In case of extreme stress on the network, the network operator sends a signal to the device to limit the amount of power. Germany recently introduced a similar system with electric charging stations. The backstop would be activated only in periods of acute congestion problems and could help prevent the last resort measure, which is cutting off electricity to users. ‘Upgrading the electricity network remains essential, but in practice it will take years. So there is a need for short-term solutions that can be integrated into long-term planning. We, the members of the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute, call on the government, network operators and regulator to explore the flexible backstop as an additional grid security measure,’ they said. The entire Paper can be read here . Kenneth Brunninx Associate Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Governance and Management, where he uses quantitative models to evaluate energy policy and market design with the aim of reducing CO2 emissions. Simon Tindemans is Associate Professor in the Intelligent Electrical Power Grids group at Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science. His research interests include uncertainty and risk management for power grids. TU Delft PowerWeb Institute is a community of researchers who are investigating how to make renewable energy systems reliable, future proof and accessible to everyone.

25 year celebration of formal collaboration between Delft University of Technology and the University of Campinas

On 25 October 2024 we celebrated 25 years of formal collaboration between Delft University of Technology and the University of Campinas. What began as a project to exchange some students in chemical engineering has now grown to a multifaceted and broad academic collaboration which accumulated into 24 joint research projects (>20 M Euro); 16 advanced courses and 15 Doctors with a Dual Degree PhD. Patricia Osseweijer, TU Delft Ambassador Brazil explained, “We are proud to show and reflect on this special day the added value we created resulting from our joint activities. The lessons we learned demonstrate that especially continuity of funds and availability for exchanges has contributed to joint motivation and building trust which created strong relations. This is the foundation for academic creativity and high-level achievements.” The program presented showcases of Dual Degree projects; research activities and education. It discussed the future objectives and new fields of attention and agree on the next steps to maintain and strengthen the foundation of strong relations. Telma Franco, Professor UNICAMP shared that “joint education and research has substantially benefitted the students, we see that back in the jobs they landed in,” while UNICAMP’s Professor Gustavo Paim Valenca confirmed that “we are keen to extend our collaboration to more engineering disciplines to contribute jointly to global challenges” Luuk van der Wielen highlighted that “UNICAMP and TU Delft provide valuable complementary expertise as well as infrastructures to accelerate research and innovation. Especially our joint efforts in public private partnerships brings great assets” To ensure our future activities both University Boards have launched a unique joint program for international academic leadership. This unique 7-month program will accommodate 12 young professors, 6 from each university. The programme began on 4 November 2024 in Delft, The Netherlands.