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CO2 emissions reduced by separating waste

CO2 emissions reduced by separating waste Your coffee cups become toilet paper Let’s be honest, in the great scheme of things, the environmental impact of TU Delft’s circular coffee cups is limited, but we are still talking about 5 million coffee cups every year. The cups are collected from all lecture rooms, offices, restaurants and coffee corners before being picked up by the Logistics & Refuse Disposal Department. Of course, TU Delft produces other waste on campus, not just coffee cups: more than 2 million kilogrammes of it every year. It goes without saying that the collection of 5 million circular coffee cups starts with staff and students. Coffee finished? Throw the cup into one of the special cup bins. There are some 600 such bins spread over the whole campus. The bins are emptied into transparent bags, which are put into special on-site waste containers. The bags are transparent to make it easy to check what they contain, because other things – such as bottles, teabags and stirring sticks – are often thrown into the cup bins. If a bag contains too much aside from cups, it is rejected and sent to the general waste. Every Thursday, the electrically-powered Empty Cup Transport carts travel around campus to empty the special containers before the collected cups are deposited in the 500-litre wheelie bins. Renewi, the company in charge of waste collection from TU Delft, subsequently collects the cups for further processing. Michiel Faber (Coordinator at Logistics & Refuse Disposal) went on several field trips over the past year to see with his own eyes how the coffee cups are reused. Together with Philippe van der Pal, Process Coordinator at Catering Events & Horeca, he joined Renewi to explore every step of the waste processing chain. Faber: “All the way down to Swalmen in Limburg, where all parts of the cup – the ink, the layer of plastic and cardboard – are separated. The cardboard becomes toilet paper, the plastic is processed into raw materials for the plastic industry and the ink is used in corrugated fibreboard.” You can get an idea of the field trips here . ‘Dirty’ In addition to coffee cups, the Logistics & Refuse Disposal Department also collects less innocuous waste. It is for good reason that their site is secured by a large fence, and that smoking is strictly prohibited. You see, this is where Faber and his colleagues temporarily store all sorts of dangerous and combustible materials. Such as mercury waste, fly ash and nitric acid, resulting from research conducted on campus. There’s also a large round steel barrel on the grounds, with the word ‘Dirty’ painted on it in large letters. In a shed, there are boxes full of batteries and dozens of full glass bottles, all awaiting processing by staff wearing special suits with oxygen masks, ensuring that the air they breathe is constantly filtered. In 2017, more than 83,000 kilogrammes of combustible, corrosive and acidic waste was separated, strained and poured into bulk containers or barrels and prepared for removal and further processing. 13 waste flows and the rest There are a total of 13 different waste flows at TU Delft, all of which are separately collected and processed. Paper, biodegradable waste, wood and metal, for example. But also rubble, building and demolition waste, and organic waste from the catering facilities. General waste accounts for 46% of all waste produced at TU Delft. At many universities, general waste accounts for more than 50% of all waste flows. So in this regard, TU Delft is not doing at all badly. But there is still room for improvement. Through more efficient separation of plastics and wrappers, for example. “That’s something I do at home”, says Michiel Faber. “At a large organisation like TU Delft, it is not staff and students’ sandwich bags that are the primary issue, though, rather the bulk packaging.” Expense or the environment? A dilemma linked to waste separation is how to balance economic and environmental benefits. A new waste flow has to be collected separately. That results in additional costs. And additional journeys, which impact the environment. These can cancel out the environmental benefits of burning less general waste. The decision to create a new, separate waste flow is therefore not taken lightly. Reducing CO₂ emissions All this separated waste means that TU Delft prevents a total of 378,090 kilos of CO2 emissions (2018). That is the equivalent of travelling 1,890,449 km in a diesel car, for example, or charging 50,664 tablets for a whole year. Ambition wanted! In 2018, 53% of created waste was collected separately and more than 80% of the coffee cups were recycled (more than 3.6 million of the total of 4.5 million used cups). Michiel Faber is dedicated to raising these percentages every year. And therefore to reducing the amount of general waste and the corresponding CO 2 emissions created by burning this waste. It takes a lot of time and effort to create awareness and encourage people to improve their waste separation efforts.

Heating and cooling when you need it!

Heating and cooling when you need it! There’s heat in the summer and cold in the winter: energy that’s freely available for nothing. But what we want is heating in winter and cooling in the summer; we don’t need the energy when it’s actually available. The best solution is to store the heat and cold more effectively. Underground, in order to pump it up when you need it. A tried-and-tested sustainable solution TU Delft was one of the first major organisations in the Netherlands to store heat and cold underground. The first groundwater well was drilled in 1996, followed in 1998 by four more to heat and cool the EEMCS building. TU Delft is increasingly making use of aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). It is a tried-and-tested sustainable solution, as the figures clearly reveal. In the winter of 2017, the ATES for the EEMCS building alone supplied 1.3 GWh of heat. That amounts to a gas saving and CO2 reduction of 20% for the EEMCS building. The new systems use a heat pump and the connected buildings are now all gas-free. ATES not only saves on gas, but also consumes less electricity. The source pump that pumps water from the groundwater well needs much less electricity than a regular cooling system. Better for the environment TU Delft now has a total of nine ATES systems. The heating and cooling systems of eleven buildings are connected to them. In 2016, these supplied 16,000 GJ of heat in total, achieving a saving of 500,000 to 600,000 m3 in gas consumption. That amounts to approximately 5% of TU Delft’s total gas consumption, 10 million m3. In terms of reduced CO2 consumption, that is the equivalent of 1,000 tCO2, 5% of TU Delft’s total CO2 footprint. From a semi-collective to a ring system TU Delft currently applies a semi-collective system for its ATES, which means that no more than two buildings are connected to a single ATES. However, more may be possible. The options of a “ring system” are currently being investigated, potentially enabling one ATES to cool more than two buildings. In addition, any excess heat from one building could then immediately be transferred to another building, with no need for storing it in the ground first. This offers advantages of scale and is even more sustainable. How does an ATES system work? Below the area surrounding TU Delft, there are 24 hot water and cold water wells underneath the campus. The deepest go down to 140 m. The newest ATES systems use heat pumps. Annually, 1.2 billion litres of water are pumped to the cold and hot groundwater wells. If all ATES systems are activated at the same time, they pump 750,000 litres of water every hour!

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Students Amos Yusuf, Mick Dam & Bas Brouwer winners of Mekel Prize 2024

Master students Amos Yusuf, from the ME faculty (Mick Dam, from the EEMCS faculty and graduate Bas Brouwer have won the Mekel Prize 2024 for the best extra scientific activity at TU Delft: the development of an initiative that brings master students into the classroom teaching sciences to the younger generations. The prize was ceremonially awarded by prof Tim van den Hagen on 13 November after the Van Hasselt Lecture at the Prinsenhof, Delft. They received a statue of Professor Jan Mekel and 1.500,- to spend on their project. Insights into climate change are being openly doubted. Funding for important educational efforts and research are being withdrawn. Short clips – so called “reels” – on Youtube and TikTok threaten to simplify complex political and social problems. AI fakes befuddle what is true and what is not. The voices of science that contribute to those discussion with modesty, careful argument and scepticism, are drowned in noise. This poses a threat for universities like TU Delft, who strive to increase student numbers, who benefit from diverse student populations and aim to pass on their knowledge and scientific virtues to the next generation. It is, therefore, alarming that student enrolments to Bachelor and Master Programs at TU Delft have declined in the past year. Students in front of the class The project is aimed to make the sciences more appealing to the next generation. They have identified the problem that students tend miss out on the opportunity of entering a higher education trajectory in the Beta sciences – because they have a wrong picture of such education. In their mind, they depict it as boring and dry. In his pilot lecture at the Stanislas VMBO in Delft, Amos Yusuf has successfully challenged this image. He shared his enthusiasm for the field of robotics and presented himself as a positive role model to the pupils. And in return the excitement of the high school students is palpable in the videos and pictures from the day. The spark of science fills their eyes. Bas Brouwer Mick Dam are the founders of NUVO – the platform that facilitates the engagement of Master Students in high school education in Delft Their efforts offer TU Delft Master Students a valuable learning moment: By sharing insights from their fields with pupils at high school in an educational setting, our students can find identify their own misunderstandings of their subject, learn to speak in front of non-scientific audiences and peak into education as a work field they themselves might not have considered. An extraordinary commitment According to the Mekel jury, the project scored well on all the criteria (risk mitigation, inclusiveness, transparency and societal relevance). However, it was the extraordinary commitment of Amos who was fully immersed during his Master Project and the efforts of Brouwer and Dam that brought together teaching and research which is integral to academic culture that made the project stand out. About the Mekel Prize The Mekel Prize will be awarded to the most socially responsible research project or extra-scientific activity (e.g. founding of an NGO or organization, an initiative or realization of an event or other impactful project) by an employee or group of employees of TU Delft – projects that showcase in an outstanding fashion that they have been committed from the beginning to relevant moral and societal values and have been aware of and tried to mitigate as much as possible in innovative ways the risks involved in their research. The award recognizes such efforts and wants to encourage the responsible development of science and technology at TU Delft in the future. For furthermore information About the project: https://www.de-nuvo.nl/video-robotica-pilot/ About the Mekel Prize: https://www.tudelft.nl/en/tpm/our-faculty/departments/values-technology-and-innovation/sections/ethics-philosophy-of-technology/mekel-prize

New catheter technology promises safer and more efficient treatment of blood vessels

Each year, more than 200 million catheters are used worldwide to treat vascular diseases, including heart disease and artery stenosis. When navigating into blood vessels, friction between the catheter and the vessel wall can cause major complications. With a new innovative catheter technology, Mostafa Atalla and colleagues can change the friction from having grip to completely slippery with the flick of a switch. Their design improves the safety and efficiency of endovascular procedures. The findings have been published in IEEE. Catheter with variable friction The prototype of the new catheter features advanced friction control modules to precisely control the friction between the catheter and the vessel wall. The friction is modulated via ultrasonic vibrations, which overpressure the thin fluid layer. This innovative variable friction technology makes it possible to switch between low friction for smooth navigation through the vessel and high friction for optimal stability during the procedure. In a proof-of-concept, Atalla and his team show that the prototype significantly reduces friction, averaging 60% on rigid surfaces and 11% on soft surfaces. Experiments on animal aortic tissue confirm the promising results of this technology and its potential for medical applications. Fully assembled catheters The researchers tested the prototype during friction experiments on different tissue types. They are also investigating how the technology can be applied to other procedures, such as bowel interventions. More information Publicatie DOI : 10.1109/TMRB.2024.3464672 Toward Variable-Friction Catheters Using Ultrasonic Lubrication | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore Mostafa Atalla: m.a.a.atalla@tudelft.nl Aimee Sakes: a.sakes@tudelft.nl Michaël Wiertlewski: m.wiertlewski@tudelft.nl Would you like to know more and/or attend a demonstration of the prototype please contact me: Fien Bosman, press officer Health TU Delft: f.j.bosman@tudelft.nl/ 0624953733

A key solution to grid congestion

On behalf of the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute, researchers Kenneth Brunninx and Simon Tindemans are handing over a Position Paper to the Dutch Parliament on 14 November 2024, with a possible solution to the major grid capacity problems that are increasingly cropping up in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is unlikely to meet the 2030 climate targets, and one of the reasons for this is that large industry cannot switch to electricity fast enough, partly because of increasingly frequent problems around grid capacity and grid congestion. In all likelihood, those problems will actually increase this decade before they can decrease, the researchers argue. The solution offered by the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute researchers is the ‘flexible backstop’. With a flexible backstop, the current capacity of the power grid can be used more efficiently without sacrificing safety or reliability. A flexible backstop is a safety mechanism that automatically and quickly reduces the amount of electricity that an electric unit can draw from the grid (an electric charging station or a heat pump) or deliver (a PV installation). It is a small device connected or built into an electrical unit, such as a charging station or heat pump, that ‘communicates’ with the distribution network operator. In case of extreme stress on the network, the network operator sends a signal to the device to limit the amount of power. Germany recently introduced a similar system with electric charging stations. The backstop would be activated only in periods of acute congestion problems and could help prevent the last resort measure, which is cutting off electricity to users. ‘Upgrading the electricity network remains essential, but in practice it will take years. So there is a need for short-term solutions that can be integrated into long-term planning. We, the members of the TU Delft PowerWeb Institute, call on the government, network operators and regulator to explore the flexible backstop as an additional grid security measure,’ they said. The entire Paper can be read here . Kenneth Brunninx Associate Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Governance and Management, where he uses quantitative models to evaluate energy policy and market design with the aim of reducing CO2 emissions. Simon Tindemans is Associate Professor in the Intelligent Electrical Power Grids group at Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science. His research interests include uncertainty and risk management for power grids. TU Delft PowerWeb Institute is a community of researchers who are investigating how to make renewable energy systems reliable, future proof and accessible to everyone.

25 year celebration of formal collaboration between Delft University of Technology and the University of Campinas

On 25 October 2024 we celebrated 25 years of formal collaboration between Delft University of Technology and the University of Campinas. What began as a project to exchange some students in chemical engineering has now grown to a multifaceted and broad academic collaboration which accumulated into 24 joint research projects (>20 M Euro); 16 advanced courses and 15 Doctors with a Dual Degree PhD. Patricia Osseweijer, TU Delft Ambassador Brazil explained, “We are proud to show and reflect on this special day the added value we created resulting from our joint activities. The lessons we learned demonstrate that especially continuity of funds and availability for exchanges has contributed to joint motivation and building trust which created strong relations. This is the foundation for academic creativity and high-level achievements.” The program presented showcases of Dual Degree projects; research activities and education. It discussed the future objectives and new fields of attention and agree on the next steps to maintain and strengthen the foundation of strong relations. Telma Franco, Professor UNICAMP shared that “joint education and research has substantially benefitted the students, we see that back in the jobs they landed in,” while UNICAMP’s Professor Gustavo Paim Valenca confirmed that “we are keen to extend our collaboration to more engineering disciplines to contribute jointly to global challenges” Luuk van der Wielen highlighted that “UNICAMP and TU Delft provide valuable complementary expertise as well as infrastructures to accelerate research and innovation. Especially our joint efforts in public private partnerships brings great assets” To ensure our future activities both University Boards have launched a unique joint program for international academic leadership. This unique 7-month program will accommodate 12 young professors, 6 from each university. The programme began on 4 November 2024 in Delft, The Netherlands.